Extended power reserve has been a key element of Panerai’s identity since the mid-1950s. The extended autonomy of its watches provided military forces with a crucial advantage: dependable, uninterrupted timekeeping combined with reduced wear.
Committed to achieving the highest standards in instruments supplied to military forces, Giuseppe Panerai identified an optimal solution in the Angelus SF240, produced by one of the leading makers of table clocks, Angelus. This particularly large hand-wound movement (16 lignes) offered a power reserve of around 200 hours, allowing it to run for eight days on a single wind.
This pursuit of innovation continued with the P.2002 in 2005, the first movement from the Panerai Manufacture in Neuchâtel, also featuring an eight-day power reserve achieved through a historically patented three-barrel design. Panerai then introduced the P.2003 in 2007, the first automatic movement conceived and manufactured in-house, offering a ten-day (240-hour) power reserve.
This year, at Watches and Wonders Geneva 2026, Panerai raises the benchmark once more with a 31-day power reserve, introduced with the new Luminor 31 Giorni PAM01631.
This model is the result of seven years of research by Panerai’s Laboratorio di Idee, part of the Research & Development department at the Neuchâtel Manufacture, continuing the brand’s focus on technical development.
The PAM01631 retains the Luminor’s bold silhouette, with its signature crown-protecting bridge, within a 44 mm case crafted from Panerai Goldtech, a proprietary alloy combining gold and copper with small amounts of platinum and silver to enhance resistance.
The result is a distinctive red hue and improved durability, contributing to the longevity of the timepiece.
This timepiece is powered by the newly developed P.2031/S, a hand-wound skeleton movement built around a series of four barrels, a configuration designed to maximise power reserve.
Operating with low torque and rapid rotation, the system minimises friction and stress on pivots, improving both efficiency and long-term reliability.
Comprising 276 components and 25 jewels, the movement delivers a power reserve of up to 31 days, achieved through a total of 3.3 metres of mainsprings.
This architecture allows the watch to run continuously with just 128 crown turns, eliminating the need for specialised winding tools and offering a more practical and user-friendly alternative to other extended power reserve systems.
A key innovation is the patent-pending Torque Limiter system, which optimises performance by selecting a stable 31-day operating window from a potential 36-day power reserve.
By excluding the initial and final phases of the torque curve, the movement ensures more consistent chronometric performance throughout its running time.
At the same time, the system maintains optimal tension within the mainsprings, reducing mechanical stress, protecting the movement and contributing to its durability and precision. After 31 days, the movement deliberately stops, even if residual energy remains, a solution designed to preserve long-term performance.
The movement is further complemented by a patented spring geometry combined with a jumping hour mechanism, allowing the hour hand to be adjusted independently without affecting the minutes or seconds, facilitating precise and efficient time-setting.
The skeletonised structure reveals the P.2031/S movement, with the barrels clearly visible from both the dial side and the sapphire caseback.
A patented polarised date disc is positioned at 3 o’clock and remains visible only when aligned with the aperture, allowing the date display to be integrated without interfering with the open-worked layout.
A curved power reserve indicator follows the perimeter of the calibre, providing a clear reading of the remaining energy during both winding and use.
The rehaut is marked only at 12 and 6 o’clock, while the indexes and hands are treated with white Super-LumiNova X2 to ensure legibility in low-light conditions, with gold-toned accents completing the display.
The new PAM01631 is water-resistant to 10 bar (approximately 100 metres / 330 feet) and, like all Panerai watches, has undergone rigorous testing.
This includes pressure tests exceeding its rated depth by 25%, followed by water tests to ensure reliability.
The timepiece is paired with a black alligator strap and equipped with a Panerai Goldtech folding clasp featuring the PAM Click Release System, allowing tool-free strap changes. An additional black rubber strap is delivered in the cherry blue wood presentation box.
A limited edition of 200 pieces, the Panerai Luminor 31 Giorni PAM01631 is available exclusively through Panerai boutiques at a price of €95,000. panerai.com
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